The present study analyses the energy trends in Latin America, the importance of the diversification of the energy matrix, increasing the use of renewable energy generation and the global commitment to combat climate change. Therefore, with the concept of future energy sustainability clear, a comparative reality of the regulation of renewable energy generation and energy efficiency in Latin America is shown. The comparative study was a product of the search for information done by country, considering the reports of public institutions, which are energy authorities in the region, studies of international organisations as well as academic research. From the analysis carried out, it was found that most Latin American countries have developed, with greater or lesser advancement, policies and regulation of renewable energy generation and energy efficiency. Besides this, the challenge imposed is to guarantee power security in the region, contributing to the reduction of emissions.