Sponges (Porifera) are important constituents of littoral habitats in the Caribbean Sea.The knowledge of their biodiversity is fundamental to carry out ecological, managerial and utilitarianresearch. Their taxonomy is complex, but in the Caribbean in general, and in Colombia in particular, thereare important advances. With this work, some sponge species of the genera Petrosia and Xestospongiaare recorded and described for the first time from the Colombian Caribbean. Petrosia (Strongylophora)davilai, Xestospongia arenosa, Xestospongia deweerdtae and Xestospongia purpurea are described andillustrated. The number of records of Petrosia and Xestospongia for the Colombian Caribbean are nowthree and four species, respectively. In all species, the specimens from continental localities had largerspicule sizes than those from insular localities, apparently owing to a greater availability of dissolvedsilicon in the former. The existence in Xestospongia deweerdtae of free-living and Plakortis-associatedlifestyles was documented for new areas of the Caribbean.