Introduction.The phenomenon of the consumption of psychoactive substances (SPA) needs to be approached from the complex given that there are no linear deterministic models that can explain it.SPA use requires for its understanding, the approach from different levels of reality to better understand the barriers of access to health services.Objective.This article identifies and analyzes, from the complexity, the existing barriers of access to services for SPA users by health providers in the Colombian Health System.Methodology.This is a transdisciplinary and qualitative research, involving providers of the health system treating people with SPA.Three regions were selected.In each region, technical assistance, social cartography, focus group and thematic questionnaire were performed.Results: Barriers of access to services were identified that included administrative barriers in differential approach, and recognition of human rights of SPA consumers as subjects of special protection.Conclusions.Its recommended to understand the problem of SPA from an interdisciplinary perspective that can allow to enhance at the local level, the human rights approach in the provision of health services to SPA consumers.