Marmato has been a municipality with a vocation for mining exploitation. However, the Colombian State has been imposing a concept of development embodied in the advance of the mining-energy locomotive of the Santos government based primarily on Foreign Direct Investment, under a legislative framework and economic and environmental policies that respond to a model of extractive production that excludes artisanal mining and communities that have traditionally derived their livelihoods and that of their families from this type of activity. The purpose of this article is to approach the forms of resistance of the inhabitants of Marmato from the organization and social mobilization, as well as to the conflicts generated around the dynamics of territorial reconfiguration from the changes in the politics and the institutional mining in the new role of the State determined by the current model.