This article approaches the conceptualization of the disorder the language child, giving an account of the different denominations and equivalences, sometimes equivocal, of this category of analysis. This review responds to the first phase of the research “Characterization of Social Participation of Children with Language Deficiency”. To determine the conceptualization, a bibliographic review was carried out to account for the same, where 81 articles of which met the inclusion criteria were found 16, it was registered in a documentary matrix for the subsequent analysis. The search showed different meanings such as alterations, disorders, delays, deficiencies, difficulties, among others, for their definition. It was also found that some authors will equip the speech and language process, as well as language disorder, specific language disorder, and language development disorder. This article states that the deficiency of children’s language refers to problems of communication, which affects the processes of understanding or expressing the language or both (mixed). Being the most related definition of the deficiency of the language disorder type, the one proposed by the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) in 1980, resumed in 1993 and in force to date.