This article addresses the question on the relation between variables corresponding to scientific achievement—production and academic productivity— and variables corresponding to social differentiation and inequality among individuals from the university community of Political Science in Colombia. This is the product of an empirical and quantitative work that applies a bivariate analysis that tests and evidences the true dependency relation patterns between these two sets of variables. The main conclusion is that scientific achievements are mainly explained by variables of differentiation and social inequality. As a result, Political Science becomes the scenario of a socially fragmented field, which is a very different image of the discipline that we can get from applying an institutionalist and autonomist perspective.