This text presents a relationship between teaching and learning methodologies of natural science proposed by the MEN and the results in the Pruebas Saber 11 that present the students of final grade in the Department of Sucre. Taking as reference information results for students in eleventh grade in the Pruebas Saber 11 the past four years in the department of Sucre, one can observe that the private sector educational institutions perform better than public institutions. In the same report indicates that the performance of students in educational institutions found in urban areas are far from the rural sector. Finally it is stressed that the private sector where children and youth are of high socioeconomic status have better performance than the rest of the country. This difference in student performance to detect that despite the great efforts made by the MEN by decreasing the gap between educational institutions in Colombia, supported by the curriculum guidelines and standards of competence, there are still elements affecting the quality of education such as non-implementation of teaching and learning methodologies appropriate. As a consequence, the results obtained by students in the natural sciences in recent years in the department of Sucre are below the national average and clearly express it difficult to identify, investigate and explain problems in contexts the natural sciences. These three skills students should learn from the first levels of training and teaching should encourage learning environments and pedagogical mediations necessary to comply with this requirement. If this does not occur, as is happening, are students with little attitude to the study of science and will have a poor performance on tests that require a high level of mastery of these skills.