Introduction: Chemodenervation with botulinum toxin A is the cornerstone of minimally invasive upper facial rejuvenation. Although the safety and efficacy of botulinum toxin A in the upper face has been extensively documented, its efficacy in the platysma muscle for cosmetic enhancement remains controversial. The mimic muscle with the largest surface—the platysma—has complex actions and considerable natural variation. The platysma muscle contributes to different characteristics of aging of the décolleté and neck areas, as well as the inferior portion of the lower face.
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Facial Rejuvenation and Surgery Techniques
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FuenteInternational Archives of Otorhinolaryngology