This article is the result of a first critical approach to the genre of the provincial chronicle generated in New Spain between the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries based on a narrative examination that takes as fundament to consider the historical production, within its discursive construction, inserted within the literary genre. The singularity of studying this historiographical production as part of a legitimizing mechanism of an ecclesiastical discourse acquires such relevance at the moment to analyze each one of its components, being the hagiographic factor the one that allows to problematize the double scenario in which the friar unfolded demonstrating the fictitious image that was written the conventual life.