e18114 Background: Previous exploratory analysis of EGFR status in tumor samples from five LATAM countries suggested that frequency of mutations lies between that of Asian and Caucasian populations and therefore support the genetic heterogeneity of NSCLC around the world. Methods: We analyzed the EGFR sequence of tumor samples from advanced stage NSCLC patients previously participated in the CLICaP registry. We compared the outcomes (overall and progression free survival) of 175 patients (from Argentina, Colombia and México) with an activating EGFR mutation with 414 subjects without this condition. Results: Mutations were more frequent in women (57,1%), in patients who had never smoked (67,4%), and in those with adenocarcinomas (89,4%) (P<0,002 for all comparisons). The mutations were deletions in exon 19 (58,3%) and L858R (36%). Median progression-free survival and overall survival for 175 patients who received tyrosine-kinase inhibitors (TKIs) were 13-mo (95%CI 11,2-14,8) months and 36-mo (95%CI 25,4-46,5), respectively. TKIs produced higher response rates (used as first or second line therapy) in the EGFR mutation-positive patients (70,8% vs. 29,2%; P<0,001), as well as improved PFS (13,0 vs. 3,0; P<0,001). OS is significantly different between treatment groups (36 vs. 14; P<0,001). Conclusions: The analysis of a large comparative registry of Latin-American EGFR mutated and wild type patients confirms the results of individual clinical trials previously published.