Due to its short-term storage and manipulation of information functions, working memory is one of the most cognitive components related to learning. The objective of this literature review is to present the most recent evidence of this relationship and its possible implications for education. In order to understand this association in depth, the various findings on the connection between the working memory and the academic performance are explained in detail. In addition, evidence of the increase in the capacity of the working memory of different studies through different training methodologies is shown. Finally, the possible practical implications in education are discussed.