Latin America is a region with large changes in the last decade with the purpose of improving its political, economic, social and cultural situation.It must face a series of challenges to improve safety, health and education for people.This situation is no different in medical education and the way in which health systems operate in the region.The aim of this article is to reflect the global situation from the pediatric anesthesia perspective and to analyze important aspects as health, infant mortality, poverty and education opportunities in Latin America.After a thorough investigation to collect some statistics from this region, different web pages and official government websites were consulted to get a diagnosis of the situation of pediatrics and pediatric anesthesia in Colombia and South America; its challenges and the current projects from different countries with the goal to improve education and ensure better living conditions for children in this region of the world.