This article reports on the state of the art of most relevant academic research related to child abuse by neglect and its evaluation by experts across different countries of America and Europe. Based on a qualitative methodology of document analysis, the paper exhibit a critique perspective supported on a set of published journal articles and databases accepted by the scientific community. Two main areas of interest were considered, the first one: research products and the other one: a deepening process on the subject of study made by some relevant researchers on the field. This literature review provide evidence about the legitimization of the definition of "negligent conduct " and also support the idea of promoting professional training in techniques and tools related to this field in order to be prepared to more objective assessments.