Fique is a plant from Colombia whose scientific name is furcraea sp. Fique is the raw material from which a natural fiber is made (cabuya) and has been made from indigenous times. This book is an analysis of the global current situation of natural fibers, i.e., the problems at international level regarding technical and economic aspects of the natural fibers, current trends in environmental norms and their effects on the industry. Furthermore, the book reviews alternative uses of fique. Moreover, the book discusses investigations carried out on the possibilities to use 96% of the leaf which is traditionally underused, and the mind fique model is presented, as well as what should be the new development approach for the national fique and handicraft sectors, from the systems thinking.