Electrical impedance myography is a novel, fast, easy to use, non-invasive and painless technique that provides information on tissue structure not measurable using other electro-diagnostic techniques. While it is still under development, studies and publications on the subject allow visualizing their potential application in clinical practice. The purpose of this work is the dissemination of this new assessment tool, through a review of some basic concepts on bioimpedance, which allow the interpretation of results found in published studies on the topic, and, subsequently, a review of its uses in the diagnosis and evaluation of common neuromuscular diseases.