This paper implements a digital algorithm that allows the segmentation and skeletonization of digital images, this method is very important in the processing of retinographies images, where of analysis inside of the eye enables early detection of diseases such as Diabetic Retinopathy. The algorithm implemented using the Fourier transforms and Gabor Transform two-dimensional and conventional filters. The performance of algorithm under mathematical platform the Matlab implemented has been compared with conventional methods obtaining resulting filtered images with better contrast and higher resolution.