Several areas in Colombia are being devastated causing a loss in biological sustainability of the ecosystems, at the same time that limit plant growth and affect the hydrological cycle. Huila region is no exception to this situation, being water erosion the main threat to the conservation of soil and water in the mountains, specifically in the town of Palermo. A series of studies let identify and diagnose areas of further degradation, in order to collect relevant information in order to systemically address the environmental problem of the area. This work was carried out starting with a review of primary and secondary literature, with support of a professional expert in geology of the region, then it proceeded to the identification of minerals and rocks in the laboratory of geology at Sur Colombiana University, sheets were unified to create a cartographic geological of Palermo and its area of influence. Maps were generated using the ArcGIS software, finally in the fieldwork phase 14 stations were evaluated and diagnosed, generating reliable information to address the negative environmental impacts associated with erosion and detonators in the town of Palermo.