Can adjudication alleviate the plight of poor women? What about structural remedies ordered by a progressive Constitutional Court, in conjunction with grassroots organizing that pressures for government action? What are the limits and potentialities of court-ordered social change? This chapter addresses these questions based on a three-year case study of a successful grassroots organization in Colombia and of its participation in structural litigation efforts. Our conclusion is that adjudication, even adjudication that includes structural remedies and social movement, provides only the starting point for efforts to engender social change: the larger context of insecurity and unemployment tends to prevail. It is evidently a substantial starting point, and one that has led to the inclusion of poor women in existing poverty-alleviation programs, and introduced in the government concern with the specific plight of women among the internally displaced. But it also, as we will show, subject to significant structural limitations related to the chosen model for economic development and resource distribution in Colombia.