Abstract This chapter explores the constitutional and legal regime applicable to the participation of local authorities in mining activities in Colombia, as mining in Colombia is planned and administered by central government agencies. It includes a study of the main decisions of the Constitutional Court that have introduced interesting twists in the constitutional interpretation of local authorities’ participation. The chapter also discusses the status quo on the topic of local authority participation in order to raise some considerations that seek to reconcile opposing interests. Because of the special impacts that mining generates on the territory and on the social environment, local authorities are looking for a space in which their opinion on the viability of a mining project in territories within their jurisdictions may be considered.