The present article seeks to answer how the strategies adopted by the US government in the post-Cold War in order to maintain its hegemony over the South American continent can be explained by Post-Structuralist approaches to the International Security Studies and how such north American strategies reflect on the configuration of power networks that structure the inter-American relations.During the Cold War period, the United States used of the construction of the communist threat to influence countries to follow their leadership under the scope of western capitalism.However, the cooling of such conflict obliged the North American government to gradually replace the source of fear by other enemies to be fought, such as these "new threats".Narcotrafficking was the one featured in the South American context, opening space to extraordinary measures by the government of the United States through the repressive policies of military interventions and training in the region, represented by Plan Colombia.