Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is a medicinal, aromatic and spice species grown in tropical and subtropical regions, mainly. Being a vegetatively propagated species, their genetic diversity tends to be low; however wide genetic variability is possible to found it in China and India, especially. Actually, these countries are considered as the center of origin and diversity of ginger To know and to characterize the genetic diversity of ginger is an activity of vital importance to promote ex situ and in vitro conservation programs, to help prevent genetic erosion of this species as well address breeding strategies properly. Molecular markers have been widely used in recent years in order to study the genetic variability of ginger directly at the DNA level. In this paper the research advances in genetic diversity of ginger using molecular markers, are reviewed. This in order to analyze their implications for the conservation and breeding of the species.