Background and aims: Conducting an institutional protocol for disconnection of ventilation has been shown to reduce the duration of mechanical ventilation, number of complications, we sought to identify factors associated with success for the discontinuation of the ventilation. Aims: Describe the scores of conventional clinical indicators used to discriminate the success or failure to discontinue mechanical ventilation. Methods: Design: Multicenter prospective observational analytic cohort conducted over a period of 48 months (January 2011 to January 2013). All patients under 18 years who are required intubation for more than 72 hours in these pediatric intensive care units.ANALYSIS: Descriptive analysis of the clinical characteristics of the patients and a subgroup analysis.FigureResults: A total of 380 patients, in these 154 met the entry criteria, patients observing protocol extubation failure in 19.5% with a mortality of 1.3% in the first 48 hours after extubation. The most common complication was the presence post extubation croup (61%). The average duration of mechanical ventilation in patients who failed extubation was lower than in those if failed (7.6 vs 11.9 days) p< 0.05. Among the predictive factors for extubation failure, having a leakage test under 20 cmH20 (RR: 3.51 (CI 95% 1.3–9.5)) and a dead space greater than 0.3 (RR: 3.13 (CI: 95% 1.1-5,7)) were associated with an increased risk of re intubation in these patients Conclusions: Due to the high fercuencia of reintubation in children, would be worthwhile decision analysis. To calculate the risk-benefit patients extubated early, as this may contribute to the optimization of resources in the Colombian UCIPs