Eighteen species of Ganoderma ( Basidiomycota, Polyporales, Ganodermataceae ) are recorded from Brazil based on specimens deposited at EMBRAPA and SP. Twenty type specimens from Brazil, Belize, Colombia, Cuba, Ecuador, Finland, France, Grenada, Guinea, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, USA, and Venezuela were studied in order to establish the proper identity of specimens. Three species ( G. mexicanum , G. perzonatum , G . pulverulentum ) are new reports for Brazil, G . weberianum is recorded for the first time for America, and G. mexicanum , G. perturbatum, and G. perzonatum , are recorded for the first time since their original description. All species with laccate pileus (except G. vivianimercedianum ) and the non-laccate G. amazonense and G . brownii are described in detail and illustrated.