The authors analyse the concept of competitiveness and then apply this concept to tourist destinations. The objective is to measure tourism destination competitiveness in the regions of the Spanish Mediterranean coast to provide tourism policymakers with tools to improve destination competitiveness. Through a review of the literature, the authors identify the indicators that may explain competitiveness. They then select the variables and determine their quantitative effect on destination competitiveness in Spanish Mediterranean regions. The findings enable a better understanding of tourism destination competitiveness. Finally, the authors comment on the relationship between competitiveness and prosperity.