This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction EST Collection as an Approach to Gene Discovery in Shrimp Medium- to High-Throughput Studies of Differential Expression and Gene Discovery RNAi-Based Applications in Shrimp Aquaculture: From Reverse Genetics to Control of Diseases Markers, Genetic Maps, and Large Insert Genomic Libraries in Shrimp Analytical Challenges in Genomics and Genetics of Shrimp Concluding Remarks Acknowledgments References