We present a search for hypothetical vectorlike quarks in $p\overline{p}$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=1.96\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{TeV}$. The data were collected by the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider and correspond to an integrated luminosity of $5.4\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$. We select events with a final state composed of a $W$ or $Z$ boson and a jet consistent with a heavy object decay. We observe no significant excess in comparison to the background prediction and set limits on production cross sections for vectorlike quarks decaying to $W+\mathrm{\text{jet}}$ and $Z+\mathrm{\text{jet}}$. These are the most stringent limits to date for electroweak single vectorlike quark production at hadron colliders.