ABSTRACT Records of the occurrence of larger mammals in Benin for the period 1974—79 are summarized. Quarter degree square distribution maps are given for the more conspicuous species. Abundant populations of savanna mammals exist in the Pendjari and ‘W’ National Parks and adjoining hunting reserves in the north. Programmes to eradicate trypanosomiasis and onchocerciasis will lead to increased agricultural development and a consequent loss of savanna wildlife outside these parks and reserves. There are no effectively protected areas in the forested south and uncontrolled logging followed by agricultural development threatens all forest mammals.