Based on the aforementioned concerns, as well as additional concerns regarding fitness tests validity, use of criterion standards 33 or inappropriate use of data, 41 a number of authors have challenged the value of youth fitness testing and likened it to a dead horse, 41 from which "it is time to dismount." 21Other authors, in keeping with the metaphor of a horse, have defended youth fitness testing, asserting that its value depends on the skill and training of the riders