The author asserts that political science is different and distinguishable from other social sciences.He narrates how political science is born in the world and in Mexico; from which disciplines break off in different countries and which were the five main approaches of political science in the world in the decade of 50's. At the same time, he points out how we must understand modern political science and political scientist (politólogo). He states that public administration, international (political) relations and political sociology are only fields or branches of political science; that one thing is political studies and another, political science. He relates the birth of International Political Science Association; and how political science achievesits autonomy as science and how it becomes institutionalized.