The concept of bancarization is usually related to the access of economic agents to credit. Nevertheless, it is a wider concept that refers to the access to all the financial services available. The bancarization is also a key tool for developing countries, and plays a significant role in reducing poverty, what has turned a topic of great importance for Latin American economies. This work makes a reflection of the importance of bancarization for Colombia. The analysis initiates in Latin America and then, penetrates into the Colombian case. First, the document studies the advance of Colombia in bancarization and finally, it establishes the challenges for upcoming years. All this without losing of sight the importance of this process for the economic and social development of the country.