We present results of a search for $R$-parity-violating decay of the neutralino ${\stackrel{\texttildelow{}}{\ensuremath{\chi}}}_{1}^{0}$, taken as the lightest supersymmetric particle, to a muon and two jets. The decay proceeds through a lepton-number violating coupling ${\ensuremath{\lambda}}_{2jk}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ ($j=1,2$; $k=1,2,3$), with $R$-parity conservation in all other production and decay processes. In the absence of candidate events from $77.5\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}3.9\text{ }\mathrm{p}{\mathrm{b}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{1}}$ of data collected by the D0 experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron in $p\overline{p}$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=1.8\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{T}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{V}$, and with an expected background of $0.18\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.03\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.02$ events, we set limits on squark and gluino masses within the framework of the minimal low-energy supergravity-supersymmetry model.