Concern about the decline in human semen parameters has grown in recent years, due in part to the increase in infertility consultations.Semen quality may be influenced by environmental or lifestyle factors such as the practice of physical activity but the relation between semen quality and physically active lifestyle is not clearly established.Nevertheless, it has been proposed that physical activity might have positive effects on semen quality as well as it has various health benefits.To possibly include the improvement of semen quality on the reasons to stimulate the physically active lifestyle in people, it's necessary to increase the knowledge about the influence of diverse aspects involved on the practice of physical activity on the sperm parameters.The purpose of this literature review is to compile the main aspects related to the effect of lifestyle, particularly physical activity and sedentarism on semen quality.