Introduction: The infection is the main complication during the administration of TPN. It is necessary to measure rates and risk of institutional infection. Objective: To estimate the incidence and infection risk of percutaneous catheters used at the administration of TPN. Materials and Methods: A prospective cohort of 480 percutaneous catheters for TPN was monitored between 1998 and 2001 at a level IV Hospital; definitions of infection associated to catheter of the CDC were used. The incidence was calculated as follows: number of infections associated to central catheter × 100/Catheter Total days; for the categorical variables Fisher Test was applied; the variables of remaining and duration of catheter, Kruskal-Sallis was applied. OR raw and ajusted between infection, weight, remaining and catheter duration was calculated by logistic regression. The first infection event was taken into account. Results: The incidence was 0.65/100 catheter days, the children below 1.500 gr got infected (77%), Staphylococcus epidermis was found (34.2%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (22.8%). There were no significant differences between infection and complications at the moment of passing the catheter. Statistically significant differences among infected ones compared to the group of not infected in the variables weight when entering, remaining and catheter duration were found. When adjusting the infection according to the weight and remaining the association was not significant. Conclusions: Vigilance about the appearing of infection due to catheter on neonates must be increased; the ones with lower weight show higher risk to acquire an infection. It is important to establish measurements that reduce to the minimum the appearance of infections on these children.