The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of nursing diagnoses in children receiving cancer treatment.A cross-sectional study was carried out by means of an interview, assessment and implementation of a format that allowed us to establish the nursing diagnoses presented in children from two health institutions in the city of Bucaramanga, Colombia.43 children, 20 girls (46.51%) and 23 children (53.49%) aged between 5 and 13 years old, were evaluated.The most prevalent nursing diagnoses were: Ineffective protection, risk of infection, risk of injury, nausea and body image disorder.The most prevalent nursing diagnoses are related to effects of the cancer treatment.The knowledge of the most prevalent nursing diagnoses in children with cancer treatments allows nursing care to be provided according to the evidence.