The current study aims to determine the similarities and differences of the incidence of child labour conditions in academic achievement between male and female children. Specialized surveys were applied to a sample of 3302 families with a son or daughter participating in the "Edúcame Primero Colombia" program conducted in the Colombian Caribbean Coast for the eradication of child labour. The results showed that there were differences between the variables that affected the academic performance between boys and girls. These results represent a contribution to the literature since very few studies have considered the gender differences on educational conditions.