Iotabrycon praecox (Characidae: Stevardiinae) has been reported as endemic to the Guayas River drainage in Western Ecuador since its description in 1973. We collected one specimen of I. praecox in the Santa Rosa River, Santa Rosa drainage, El Oro Province, approximately 144 km south of the Guayas drainage, significantly expanding the known geographic distribution of the species. Given the severe anthropomorphic pressures impacting fishes in Southwestern Ecuador, there is an urgent need to evaluate the present status of I. praecox in the region.