A checklist of 22 species of Psilocybe reported from Colombia is discussed, of which 13 belong to the neurotropic mushrooms. The oldest reference is from 1978. A new record (P. plutonia), a neurotropic fungus, and four new species from a tropical rain forest in the Choco region (Paci. c coast of the country) are described. Two of them belong to the neurotropic species for their taxonomic features. The probable use of the neurotropic species by the Indians is discussed, based in golden pectoral figures found in Darien and studied by Schultes and Bright in 1979.