This articleapproaches the analytical conceptual aspects of Orem's Model, as a strategy to demonstrate that self-care is avery effective, pertinent, economic and opportune way to confront chronic diseases, particularly heart failure. Specific phenomena like population aging and the use of new technologies have reverberated in the increase of the heart failure. The epidemiological profile of the country shows that the first two reasons of mortality, which together total over300 %, have to do with events that affect cardiovascular health. This alarming situation leads one to reflect on how research into this area may identify gaps in the literature, in a specific topic like self-care and to formulate recommendations for future investigations to counterthis scourge