To describe the biophysical and sociocultural risk factors related to the accident rate in pediatric patients.Cross-sectional descriptive study. Data collection through the direct application of surveys.308 surveys were analyzed, obtained between the months of february and april, 2010. Adolescents were the most affected group (33.5 %); the male gender registered the highest number of traumas (64.7 %). The main family type was nuclear 52 %, 34.9 % of patients belonged to stratum 2 and 46,6 % were under the care of their mothers when the accident occurred. 84 % of caretakers had over 5 years study, 47 % considered that the most unsafe place for a child is a public road, and 76.8 % stated having never received information on accident prevention. The most frequent accident was a fall from a height (54.7 %) and home was the place with highest number of traumas (51 %).Demographic features and sociocultural factors of this study differ from reports from large studies of non-intentional lesions.