Aristolochia is the only genus of the family Aristolochiaceae in Argentina, where 21 native species grow, none of them restricted to this country. A total of 10 names are subordinated as synonyms, and 32 lectotypes are designated. This work includes a key for the identification of Aristolochia species in Argentina, along with short descriptions, vernacular names in Argentina and neighboring countries, and taxonomic and nomenclatural notes for the cases where new synonyms or typification issues are resolved.
