Introduccion: la Enfermedad Tromboembolica Venosa (ETV) incluyen: trombosis venosa superficial, venosa profunda, de las venas ovaricas, pelvica septica y el trombo embolismo pulmonar. Objetivo : realizar revision sobre factores de riesgo, diagnostico, manejo y tratamiento de ETV en pacientes obstetricas. Metodologia: revision tematica que incluye estudios clinicos y epidemiologicos, revisiones sistematicas, tematicas, consensos, reuniones de expertos, guias clinicas y protocolos sobre ETV en el embarazo. Revisadas las bases de datos PubMed, ScienceDirect, OvidSP y Scielo, durante los anos 2000 y 2011, en los idiomas ingles y espanol. Resultados: la busqueda arrojo 214 estudios. 76 cumplieron con los criterios de inclusion y fueron revisados. Existe una buena aproximacion a los factores de riesgo para el desarrollo de ETV en mujeres gestantes. Existe un test clinico para identificar mujeres con riesgo de TVP. Existen estudios de imagen que ofrecen diferentes porcentajes de sensibilidad y especificidad. La gammagrafia por perfusion es una buena y segura herramienta en la mujer gestante. El diagnostico temprano debe ser seguido de una temprana y adecuada accion terapeutica. HBPM ha reemplazado el uso de la HNF. Conclusiones: se debe identificar la presencia de factores de riesgo en toda la poblacion gestante, de acuerdo a los hallazgos; realizar medidas terapeuticas generales o farmacologicas. Rev.cienc.biomed. 2012;3(1):124-135 PALABRAS CLAVES Trombosis venosa; Embarazo; Heparina; Hipercoagulabilidad; Trombofilia. SUMMARY Introduction: Venous thromboembolic diseases in obstetrics include superficial vein thrombosis, deep vein thrombosis, thrombosis of the ovarian veins, pelvic sepsis and pulmonary thromboembolism. Objective: to review risk factors, diagnosis and treatment of venous thromboembolicdisease in obstetric patients. Methodology: we performed a thematic review including clinical and epidemiological studies, systematic reviews, consensus, expert meetings, clinical guidelines and protocols of venous thromboembolic disease in pregnancy. We searched PubMed, ScienceDirect, OvidSP and Scielo databases, from 2000 to 2011 for articles in English and Spanish. Results: The search yielded 214 studies; seventy six met the inclusion criteria and were reviewed. There are well- known risk factors for the development of venous thromboembolic disease in pregnant women, there are also clinical tests to identify women at risk of DVT and imaging studies that provide different percentages of sensitivity and specificity; perfusion scintigraphy is a good and safe tool to be used in pregnant women. Early diagnosis should be followed by an early and appropriate therapeutic action, usually LMWH that has replaced the use of UFH. Conclusions: the presence of risk factors for venous thromboembolic disease must be identified in the whole pregnant population and, according to findings, make therapeutic or pharmacological actions. Rev.cienc.biomed. 2012;3(1):124-135 KEY WORDS Venous thrombosis; Pregnancy; Heparin; Hypercoagulability; Thrombophilia.