The natural resources economics, allows to get to know the shape sustainable extractions to opencast coal mining projects at the middle of the Cesar-Colombia. Thus, this study with financial information and total productions cost (estimated by means of panel data model with random effects), from seven multinationals firms into region, it compared the current optimal paths extractions and sustainable that it include the measures of environmental and resources value. Meantime, the Markov decision models and dynamic programming through Bellman equation it helped at the evidenced to estimated optimal paths. Therefore, best decision for company the it's extract all coal now like consequence of the low cost, favorable prices and level high of the reserve stock.