Teaching, as any other profession, has faced difficulties that arise from the gap between daily practice and research. Suggesting solutions that lead to close this gap has been the goal of the research approach called Evidence Based Education (EBE). This paper presents and discusses the EBE approach by means of the following topics. First; the origins of this approach in the Medical research practice, its development and main limitations are presented. Second, a comparison between Medicine and Education, as professional practices based on evidence, is made; in order to identify the main contributions of the former to the construction of an EBE. Third, a short bibliometric study that examines the development of this subject in scientific publications is presented. Finally, factors such as the contribution of qualitative data to evidence in educational research, the development of this approach through systematic reviews and the link between teacher's professional practice and educational research are analysed.