The purpose of the article is to identify in some texts of Fernando Gonzalez Ochoa, possible elements of a theory of identity as unity in the diversity. What is investigated, through the route made in these lines, is how and from what elements, given this author’s statements, Colombian and South American identity has been shaped, mainly, since the conquerors’ arrival. Moreover, it problematizes if the proposal of Fernando Gonzalez turns into an alternative of acceptance of diversity as a constituent element of the Colombian and South American cultural identity or, on the contrary, if it is a hegemonic project in which diversity is recognized but is not assumed as a fundamental element when thinking about a theory and constructing a project of Latin American identity. In addition, the article displays the main fundamental categories for defending the existence of a theory of identity within the work of Fernando Gonzalez Ochoa and his contribution to the recognition and construction of Colombian and South American identity.