Objetivo: determinar prevalencia y factores asociados al consumo de Sustancias Psicoactivas en escolares del municipio de Guatape (Antioquia, Colombia). Metodos: estudio descriptivo, donde se encuestaron los 546 estudiantes matriculados de secundaria en 2005, en la institucion educativa del municipio. Se hallaron prevalencias de consumo y se exploraron factores asociados a traves del calculo de OR. Resultados: la prevalencia de alcoholismo en hombres fue 12.5% y mujeres 6.2%. No se hallo consumo de basuco, heroina, popper; la marihuana fue la sustancia ilicita mas consumida (1.6%). Los factores de riesgo al consumo fueron violencia intrafamiliar; abuso sexual; maltrato fisico, vivir con madre y su pareja o solo con madre, tener amigos consumidores; como factores protectores se encontro elapoyo de pareja, otros parientes o amigos, y no sentirse triste o rechazado en el colegio. Conclusiones: las sustancias licitas de mayor consumo fueron alcohol y cigarrillo; en ilicitas fue la marihuana, sustancia que presenta mayor consumo en hombres. Abstract Objective: To determine prevalence and factors associated with the substance related Disorders at Guatape’s school. Methods: A cross-sectional, which surveyed the 546 students of high school in thistown in 2005. We found prevalences consumption and risk factors were explored by calculating OR. Results: The alcoholism prevalence was 12.5% for men and 6.2% for women. It did not have consumption basuco, heroin, popper, the marijuana was the most illicit substance consumed (1.6%). The risk factors found were domestic violence, sexual abuse, physical abuse, support of partners, other ps or friends, living with mother and her partner or alone with mother, consumers friends and sadness or rejected at school. Conclusions: The licit substances more consumed were alcohol and cigarette, and illicit substances was marijuana, all substances were the most consumed for men. Key words: Substance-Related Disorders, Street Drugs, Adolescent, Prevalence