The present disclosure relates to the implementation of the Protection of test data for pharmaceuticals with regard to the implementation of the Free Trade Agreement between Peru and the United States of America and the application of the definitions given by the Agreement on aspects of Intellectual Property Rights Related to Trade (TRIPS, by its acronym in English) for this figure. We analyze national legislation and applicable treaties and the first cases of protection for new chemical entities issued by the regulatory authority. The strengths and weaknesses of the new legislation on test data. Its impact on health topics.