Based on the contributions from researchers on different disciplines (sociologists, anthropologists, historians, philosophers, and theologians), the author identifies three lines of interpretation: modernization line, fair social change line, and cultural line. He follows the guidelines from the methodical proposal of the Canadian philosopher and theologian Bernard Lonergan in order to formulate a critical, wide, and deep dialogue with the diverse interpretations and theories regarding the popular Latin American Catholic religion in the period from 1960 to 1980.