The Faculty of Management, at the Rosario University (Colombia) has been developing since 2004 studies aimed at understanding the dynamics of different sectors of the Colombian economy, with the aim of identifying elements contribute to achieving the sustainability of enterprises. One of the methodologies implemented for this purpose, structural analysis is called strategic sectors, which to identify levels of market consolidation, structural analysis market forces and an assessment of competitors. The information obtained in tests, allows decision makers to take steps to achieve business improvement. On this occasion, an analysis of the sector passenger and freight transport. Unlike previous studies, the analysis seeks to place a focus on improvement track.