This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Definition of Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Effects of Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals on Major Chronic Diseases In Modern Populations Sources and Biological Effects of Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals in Nature Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals: Health Claims and Benefits Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals: Safety Issues Regulation of Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Public Education and Dietary Guidance Conclusions References