The study of the metaxial Talbot effect at optical frequencies is a field which has recently received much attention because of the large volume of applications derived from it. In this paper, we present a study of this phenomenon and make a comparison of their characteristics with respect to the classical case. For this purpose, we use a one-dimensional diffraction grating of period p = 1,936 µm coherently illuminated by a plane wave of wavelength λ = 633nm.